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The production process begins by collecting mature coconut shells from farms and coconut-processing industries. Only hard, brown shells are selected because they contain more carbon and produce stronger charcoal. Since these shells are agricultural waste, using them helps reduce landfill waste and supports sustainable fuel production. This is the foundation of eco-friendly coconut shell briquette manufacturing.



Once collected, the coconut shells go through carbonization, a process where they are heated in low oxygen at 400–600°C. Instead of turning into ash, the shells transform into pure charcoal. This step removes moisture, oil, and volatile compounds, resulting in high-carbon charcoal that burns cleanly and evenly. Carbonization is the key stage that determines the quality of coconut shell briquettes.


After carbonization, the charcoal needs to be cooled properly. Fresh charcoal is extremely hot and can ignite on contact with air. Controlled cooling stabilizes the charcoal and prepares it for grinding. This step is crucial for safety and quality, ensuring the charcoal remains intact before further processing.



Once cooled, the charcoal is ground into a fine powder using industrial grinders. The finer the powder, the denser and stronger the briquette will be. Most factories grind charcoal to 60–200 mesh. This fine texture ensures the briquettes burn longer, maintain steady heat, and resist breaking.



The powdered charcoal is then mixed with a natural binder, usually tapioca starch, along with clean water. No chemicals are added during this stage. The natural binder ensures the briquettes are safe, non-toxic, and burn without unpleasant odors. The mixture is kneaded into a uniform, clay-like consistency ready for shaping.



The charcoal mixture is fed into a briquetting machine that compresses it under high pressure. This machine shapes the briquettes into various forms such as cube, hexagonal, pillow, round, or stick. Each shape has different burn characteristics and airflow properties. High-pressure molding increases density, which leads to longer burn time and cleaner combustion.



Freshly molded briquettes still contain moisture, so they must be dried in an oven or controlled drying room for

24–48 hours. The goal is to reduce moisture content to below 5%. Lower moisture means easier ignition, longer burn time, low smoke and mold-free storage. Proper drying is essential for producing premium coconut shell briquettes that meet international export standards.



After drying, each briquette undergoes strict quality control. Workers or automated systems check for consistent size and shape, surface smoothness, strength and durability, burn time, ash content, smoke level. Only briquettes that meet all standards are approved for packaging. This ensures customers receive stable, high-performing charcoal every time.



The final step is packaging. Briquettes are sealed in moisture-proof bags or aluminum-lined pouches to maintain freshness. They are then packed into 1 kg, 2 kg, or 10–20 kg master cartons for export. Proper packaging protects the briquettes during shipping and ensures they arrive in perfect condition.

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